复合载体夯扩桩技术在河漫滩区的应用     

徐永利  陈素琪 《陕西地质》2008,26(2):87-90

复合载体夯扩桩是由干硬性混凝土及填充料等经细长锤夯扩形成的复合载体和钢筋混凝土桩身组成。它具有挤密地基及扩大桩端面积的双重作用。此技术以环境污染小（无泥浆）、节约资源且较经济（桩径小）,而得到较快的发展和应用。本文结合工程实际,对其在河漫滩地区的应用进行探讨,为今后在同类地区的设计和施工提供参考。  相似文献   

粉尘颗粒的形成机制与影响因素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

宁波  秦小光  穆燕  殷志强 《第四纪研究》2008,28(5):939-948

通过测定沉积物粒度来获取环境信息已经成为环境变化研究的常规手段之一,多组分分离的方法也逐渐被广泛采用,但对于粒度分布中不同组分的成因存在着不同的看法。Alfaro的碰撞理论认为当母质所遭受的碰撞能量大于母质中集合体的内聚力时,能够产生与之对应的特征组分,即特定的风速能量决定了特定组分的形成。为了对Alfaro碰撞理论进行论证检验,研究选择屏蔽了搬运分选过程、纯经机械碰撞形成的岩石碎屑和粮食表面附着物,进行粒度分析。分析发现:1)不论无机质组成的岩石还是有机质组成的粮食,其颗粒粒径主要受控于母质成分,且粒度分布均具有与种类密切相关的特征。2)虽然少部分物质的粒度分布也存在Alfaro风洞实验中出现的中值粒径较稳定的组分,但其碰撞理论很难解释大量的不相符现象和各种物质种内差异小于种间差异等现象。证明了粉尘颗粒的粒径与其物质成分特点存在密切联系,而与外界碰撞过程没有直接对应关系,能量碰撞作用并不能直接导致粉尘颗粒优势组分的形成。因此,本研究认为形成粉尘不同粒度组分的影响因素是多方面的,其中风力(能量)只是其中之一,起尘区和降尘区的大气动力条件、粉尘在搬运过程中的分选作用以及粉尘的形成母质性质和环境都是影响粉尘粒径多组分特征的重要因素。  相似文献   

不适当筑堤围垸对洞庭湖区环境的影响     

何建军 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2008,19(2):139-142

洞庭湖区堤防是湖区人民为了拓展生存空间与水争地而采取的一种工程建筑措施。它在为湖区人民增加土地资源的同时,也带来了一系列的环境问题。在1949年至1985年期间,由于人口迅速增长,土地不够用,在国家政策的鼓励下,人们开始在洞庭湖区盲目地开发湿地,大量修筑堤防、围湖造田,使人类赖以生存和持续发展的环境基础遭到破坏,造成严重后果。文章通过大量资料,对洞庭湖区自1949年以来大规模的修筑堤防后,几十年间产生的泥沙淤积变化情况、汛期洪水位变化情况、湖域面积及湖容积的变化、湖泊调蓄功能的变化情况、洪涝灾害发生频率及灾情损失情况、环境地质灾害隐患增加情况等进行了统计分析,从环境地质的角度论述了因不适当的修筑堤防对洞庭湖区环境产生的负面影响。  相似文献   

汶川地震触发大光包巨型滑坡基本特征及形成机理分析   总被引：25，自引：6，他引：19  

黄润秋  裴向军  李天斌 《工程地质学报》2008,16(6):730-741

大光包红洞子沟巨型滑坡是汶川地震触发的最大规模滑坡,其体积达7.42亿m3, 堰塞坝高达690m,是我国已知的最大规模地震滑坡和最高的滑坡堰塞坝,也是目前全世界已知的为数不多的几个方量在5亿m3以上的超大规模滑坡之一,其高达690m的滑坡堰塞坝为目前世界最高的滑坡坝。滑坡位于发震断层上盘,距发震断裂映秀北川断裂不足7km。震前斜坡为三面切割的孤立型山脊,相对高差达1500m;斜坡岩层走向与坡面近于垂直,层面延展性极好,构成滑动面形成的基础。调查和分析表明,斜坡的临空条件和贯通性好的灰岩层面是滑坡产生的基础;而高强度和长持时强震地面运动是导致滑坡产生的根本因素。滑坡产生的机理和过程可分为以下4个阶段:即坡体震裂、松弛和解体阶段、高速溃滑阶段、震动堆积阶段、二次抛射和碎屑流堆积阶段。失稳高速下滑的坡体,形成了沿主滑方向长4.2km,宽2.2km的堆积体,高速流动的碎屑流越过下游侧风波岩山脊,沿红洞子沟形成了长1km的碎屑流堆积区。  相似文献   

甘肃省国土资源科学发展与信息化建设     

张力学 《国土资源信息化》2008,(6):3-5

本文以深入学习实践科学发展观活动为切入点,结合甘肃省国土资源工作实际,就如何贯彻落实科学发展观,构建保障和促进科学发展新机制,大力推进国土资源信息化建设,为甘肃经济社会发展提供服务保障,提出了一些看法和建议,与大家共同商榷。  相似文献   

Forecasting prices of single family homes using GIS-defined neighborhoods     

Mak Kaboudan  Avijit Sarkar 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2008,10(1):23-45

We estimate spatiotemporal models of average neighborhood single family home prices to use in predicting individual property prices. Average home-price variations are explained in terms of changes in average neighborhood house attributes, spatial attributes, and temporal economic variables. Models adopting three different definitions of neighborhoods are estimated with quarterly cross-sectional data over the period 2000–2004 from four cities in Southern California. Heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation problems are detected and adjusted for via a sequential routine. Results of these models suggest that forecasts obtained using city neighborhood average price equations may have advantage over forecasts obtained using city aggregated price equations.   相似文献   

Time-series observations of the ultracool dwarf SSSPM J0109 − 5101     

Chris Koen 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,357(4):1151-1154

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带空洞面对象间拓扑关系形式化描述   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘波  李大军  阮见  夏元平 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2009,34(1)

利用Egenhofer等提出的含空洞的两面对象间空间拓扑关系描述框架,在四交差模型的基础上,提出了一种能描述带空洞复杂面对象间的空间拓扑关系的扩展模型——4-4ID模型,并用该模型详细推导了简单面对象和仅带一个空洞面对象间以及两个仅带一个空洞面对象间有意义的拓扑关系。  相似文献   

A search for short time-scale I-band variability in ultracool dwarfs     

Chris Koen 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,346(2):473-482

76 hours of CCD photometry of 11 L dwarfs and one T dwarf is described. Three objects, including the T dwarf ε Indi B, showed convincing evidence for variability. A periodicity of 8 h is clearly visible in the light curve of 2MASS J1155395−372735.  相似文献   

The P-T-d development at the basement-cover boundary in the north-eastern Tauern Window (Eastern Alps): Alpine continental collision     

J. H. KRUHL 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1993,11(1):31-47

Abstract At the basement-cover boundary of the north-eastern Tauern Window (Eastern Alps), the following Alpine P-T-d development has been reconstructed on the basis of macro- and micro-structures as well as preferred crystallographic orientations, mineral parageneses and compositions.
During increasing P-T conditions in the greenschist facies a first period of deformation produced imbrication of the basement gneisses and cover sediments, and then monoclinal folds up to the kilometre scale. Tectonic transport was continuously top-to-the-ENE. A second period of deformation began at about peak P-T conditions of 9 kbar and c. 540–560°C in the south, and about 7–9 kbar and 490–500° C in the north; this continued locally to lower temperature. During the second period, transport was continuously top-to-the-SE. Crystallographic orientations of white mica and plagioclase give particularly useful information on the kinematic framework. In addition, data on the ductile behaviour of dolomite and plagioclase can be inferred. At c. 7–9 kbar, dolomite recrystallization starts at 450–480° C, and the beginning of plagioclase recrystallization coincides with the oligoclase boundary.
In general, the Alpine geodynamic history of the basement-cover boundary may be related to continental collision processes between a northerly plate (European or Briançonnais) and a southerly (Adriatic) one. The first deformation period possibly reflects subduction of the gneiss-sediment boundary toward the WSW, to a depth of 31–32 km. The second period may be a result of obduction toward the NW, followed by late-stage uplift. Most of the basement domes of the eastern Tauern Window appear as a result of the final stage of the first deformation, formed prior to the peak of metamorphism, possibly partly influenced by the final collision between the northern and the southern continents.  相似文献